![]() ![]() Abdominal X-ray displaying typical features of soil pica. Barium that has entered diverticula from previous barium studies has a different and characteristic appearance.įigure 1. Kidney and gall bladder stones produce opacities restricted to the region of the organs concerned. Tuberculosis, calcified lymph nodes and enteroliths can also cause multiple abdominal opacities, but not on the scale and pancolonic distribution of geophagia. 1 Iron and potassium tablets are also X-ray opaque, but are seen on X-ray to be in the stomach, not the colon. In soil pica, or geophagia, the majority of X-ray opaque material is found in the colon. The child’s mother then revealed that the child frequently ate soil. Bowel sounds were of normal frequency but high pitched.Īn abdominal X-ray revealed numerous irregular X-ray opaque objects ( Figure 1). 2016 26(1):80-1.A child, 3 years of age, presented to a district hospital emergency department with a 4 day history of loss of appetite and a 2 day history of passing, with apparent difficulty, pale, thick, pasty faeces.Įxamination revealed a tired looking child, normal vital signs, moist mucous membranes, and a moderately distended abdomen with some mild left upper quadrant tenderness. Pica in an adolescent with autism spectrum disorder responsive to aripiprazole. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. Pica in a child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and successful treatment with methylphenidate. Handbook of cognitive-behavioral therapies. ![]() Clinical outcomes of behavioral treatments for pica in children with developmental disabilities. 2013 3(9):1-5.Ĭall NA, Simmons CA, Mevers JE, Alvarez JP. Pica- a case report on eating disorder of rural adolescent girl. Pica in a four-year-old girl with global developmental delay. Some aspects of the clinical profile in Manchester, Jamaica. A meta-analysis of pica and micronutrient status. Lewis's child and adolescent psychiatry a comprehensive textbook. Correction to: Prevalence of pica and rumination behaviors in German children aged 714 and their associations with feeding, eating, and general psychopathology: a population-based study. Hartmann AS, Poulain T, Vogel M, Hiemisch A, Kiess W, Hilbert A. Prevalence of pica among children attending pediatrics clinic at El-Menoufiya University Hospital. 2010 3:677-81.Įl nemer FM, Alian DM, Eldin MS, Khalil HEM. Pica as a manifestation of iron deficiency. Understanding pica behavior: a review for clinical and education professionals. Arlington: American Psychiatric Association Publishing 2013. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. Pica: a review of recent assessment and treatment procedures. Pica: a common condition that is commonly missed - an update review. Pica in persons with developmental disabilities: characteristics, diagnosis, and assessment. Matson JL, Belva B, Hattier MA, Matson ML. Singhi S, Ravishanker R, Singhi P, Nath R. Why on earth?: evaluating hypotheses about the physiological functions of human geophagy. Young SL, Sherman PW, Lucks JB, Pelto GH. Treasure Island: StatPearls Publishing 2019. After six sessions of behavioral therapy and parental psychoeducation, the patient showed improvement as the frequency of eating nonfood substances was decreasing.Īl Nasser Y, Alsaad AJ. The patient was treated with a reinforcement strategy of behavioral therapy, involving parental education during the process to stimulate desirable behavior, discourage unwanted behavior, and improve parent-child interaction. Non-psychopharmacological management was delivered to the patient and family. She also had iron deficiency anemia and constipation. Her intellectual function showed that she had a moderate intellectual disability, which was confirmed by her intelligence quotient test result. In the last 6 months, this behavior worsened and coupled with emotional and behavioral problems. A-7-year-old girl had been eating plastic bags since she was 3. This case report shows the effectiveness of pica management centered on behavioral therapy over the use of pharmacotherapy in improving the patient’s symptoms. Non-psychopharmacology management is crucial in pica in childhood with intellectual disability. ![]()
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